Submissions

Authors are requested to carefully follow the instructions below when preparing manuscripts for submission to Psychology, Education, and Human Development in Schools. Manuscripts that do not comply with the journal’s formatting, structural, ethical, and referencing requirements may be returned to the authors for revision before entering the peer-review process.

Language of the Manuscript

The full text of the article must be written in Persian. Authors should use clear, formal, academic Persian and maintain consistency in terminology, spelling, punctuation, and scholarly style throughout the manuscript.

Every manuscript must also include both a Persian abstract and an English abstract. In addition, submission of an extended abstract in English is mandatory. The English extended abstract must be between 1,000 and 1,500 words and should provide a sufficiently detailed overview of the study for international readers.

The English sections of the manuscript should be professionally written and grammatically accurate. Authors are strongly advised to carefully proofread the English abstract and extended abstract before submission.

Manuscript Structure

Research articles should normally include the following main sections:

Title: The title should be concise, informative, and directly reflect the main subject of the study. The Persian title should appear at the beginning of the Persian manuscript, and the corresponding English title should be provided in the English section.

Author Information: Authors should provide their full names, institutional affiliations, academic positions where applicable, email addresses, and other information required by the journal submission system. One author should be clearly identified as the corresponding author.

Persian Abstract: The Persian abstract should provide a concise and accurate summary of the study, including the research purpose, methodology, major findings, and principal conclusion.

Persian Keywords: Authors should provide appropriate keywords that accurately represent the main concepts and variables of the study.

Main Text: The main body of the article should be written entirely in Persian and should normally include an introduction, literature review or theoretical background where appropriate, methodology, findings/results, discussion, conclusion, and other sections required by the nature of the study.

English Abstract: An English abstract corresponding to the Persian abstract must be provided. It should accurately represent the content of the Persian abstract and use appropriate academic terminology.

English Keywords: English keywords should correspond as closely as possible to the Persian keywords.

Extended Abstract in English: A mandatory extended abstract of 1,000–1,500 words must be included. The extended abstract should present the study in sufficient detail and should generally include the research background and purpose, methodology, major findings, discussion, and conclusion. It should be written as a coherent academic summary rather than as a direct word-for-word translation of the Persian article.

References: All sources cited in the manuscript must appear in the reference list, and all items in the reference list must be cited in the text.

Extended Abstract Requirements

The extended abstract is an essential component of all submissions and is intended to make the main content of Persian-language articles accessible to a wider international readership.

The extended abstract must be written entirely in English and contain between 1,000 and 1,500 words. It should provide a substantive summary of the article rather than merely repeat the short English abstract.

The extended abstract should normally cover the background and significance of the research problem, the purpose or research questions, the research design and methodology, participants or data sources, research instruments where applicable, data-analysis procedures, principal findings, interpretation of the findings, and the main conclusions and implications.

Authors should ensure that the information reported in the extended abstract is fully consistent with the Persian full text. No results, variables, analyses, or conclusions should appear in the extended abstract if they are not presented in the main article.

Font and Typography

The Persian sections of the manuscript must be prepared using B Nazanin font.

All English-language sections, including the English title, English abstract, English keywords, extended English abstract, English terms appearing in the main text where necessary, and English references, must be prepared using Times New Roman.

Authors should apply font styles consistently throughout the manuscript. Excessive use of boldface, underlining, decorative formatting, or unnecessary typographical variation should be avoided.

Headings and subheadings should be clearly distinguished and used consistently throughout the manuscript.

Academic Writing Style

The manuscript should be written in a formal and scholarly style appropriate for academic publication. Authors should avoid colloquial expressions, unnecessary repetition, unsupported claims, and overly complex or ambiguous sentences.

Technical and specialized terms should be used consistently. When an English equivalent is required for an important technical term, authors should use the most widely accepted scholarly terminology in the relevant field.

The manuscript should be carefully proofread before submission for grammar, punctuation, spelling, consistency, and clarity.

APA Style

The journal follows the American Psychological Association (APA) style for in-text citations, references, tables, figures, statistical reporting, and general scholarly presentation.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that all citations and references conform to the most recent applicable edition of APA style.

In-text citations should use the author–date format. For example:

(Smith, 2024)

(Smith & Jones, 2023)

For direct quotations, the relevant page number should also be provided where applicable.

Authors should carefully verify the consistency between in-text citations and the reference list before submission.

References

The reference list must include complete bibliographic information for every source cited in the manuscript.

References should be prepared according to APA style and arranged in the appropriate order required by that style.

Authors should preferably cite original, authoritative, and up-to-date scholarly sources. Excessive reliance on non-academic websites, unpublished materials, or sources of uncertain scholarly reliability should be avoided.

Where a DOI is available, it should be included in the reference entry in the appropriate APA format.

The accuracy of author names, publication years, article titles, journal titles, volume and issue numbers, page ranges, DOIs, and other bibliographic details is the responsibility of the authors.

Tables

Tables should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text.

Each table must have a clear and informative title. The content of tables should be understandable without unnecessary duplication of information already presented in the main text.

Authors should refer to every table in the text and briefly explain the key findings represented in it.

Statistical symbols, abbreviations, and explanatory notes used in tables should be clearly defined where necessary.

Tables should be editable and should not normally be submitted as images.

Figures

Figures, charts, diagrams, and other visual materials should be numbered consecutively according to their order of appearance in the manuscript.

Each figure should have an appropriate title or caption and should be referred to explicitly in the main text.

Figures should be clear, readable, and of sufficient quality for publication. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission to reproduce copyrighted figures, images, or other visual material from previously published sources where permission is required.

Statistical Reporting

Quantitative studies should report statistical analyses accurately and transparently in accordance with accepted disciplinary standards and APA style.

Authors should provide sufficient information for readers to understand the statistical procedures used and interpret the findings correctly. Relevant statistics may include effect sizes, confidence intervals, significance levels, test statistics, degrees of freedom, model-fit indices, reliability coefficients, or other indicators appropriate to the analytical method.

Statistical significance should not be presented as the sole indicator of the importance of findings where additional indicators are relevant.

Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Research

Qualitative studies should clearly explain the research approach, participant or data-source selection, data-collection procedures, analytical strategy, and procedures used to support credibility and trustworthiness.

Mixed-methods studies should clearly explain both the quantitative and qualitative components and describe how the two components were integrated in the design, analysis, or interpretation of findings.

Ethical Requirements

Research involving human participants must comply with appropriate ethical standards and applicable institutional requirements.

Where required, authors should state that the study received approval from a recognized ethics committee or institutional review body and provide the relevant approval information.

For studies involving children, adolescents, students, teachers, parents, or other school-community participants, appropriate procedures for informed consent, assent where applicable, confidentiality, anonymity, and protection of participants must be observed.

Authors should not include personally identifiable information unless such disclosure is ethically justified and appropriate consent for publication has been obtained.

Conflict of Interest

All authors must disclose any financial, professional, personal, institutional, or other relationships that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the research or its interpretation.

If no conflict of interest exists, authors should provide an appropriate statement indicating this.

Funding

Authors should disclose any financial or material support received for the research.

The funding statement should identify the funding organization where applicable. If the study received no external funding, authors may state that the research received no specific financial support.

Author Contributions

Where requested by the journal, authors should provide a statement describing the contribution of each author to the study and manuscript.

All individuals listed as authors must have made a meaningful scholarly contribution and must approve the final version of the manuscript.

Plagiarism and Originality

Submitted manuscripts must be original and must not contain plagiarism, inappropriate text reuse, fabricated data, falsified results, or other forms of research or publication misconduct.

The journal may screen submitted manuscripts using iThenticate.

Authors should properly cite all material derived from other sources and should avoid excessive or inappropriate reuse of their own previously published text.

Simultaneous Submission and Previous Publication

A manuscript submitted to the journal must not be under consideration by another journal at the same time.

Authors should not submit work that has already been published in substantially the same form elsewhere.

If the manuscript is derived from a thesis, dissertation, conference paper, preprint, research report, or another related source, authors should disclose this information where relevant.

Use of Artificial Intelligence

Authors remain fully responsible for all content submitted to the journal, including content prepared with the assistance of artificial intelligence tools.

Artificial intelligence systems must not be listed as authors.

If generative AI tools have been used substantially in manuscript preparation, analysis, translation, or other research-related activities, such use should be disclosed where appropriate.

Authors must verify the accuracy, originality, references, and integrity of all AI-assisted content before submission.

Manuscript Anonymization

Because the journal follows a double-blind anonymous peer-review process, authors should prepare the manuscript in a way that does not disclose their identities to reviewers.

Names, affiliations, acknowledgments, or other directly identifying information should be provided separately where required by the journal submission system and should not appear in the anonymized manuscript submitted for review.

Authors should also avoid unnecessary self-identifying statements in the text that could compromise anonymity.

Submission Checklist

Before submitting a manuscript, authors should ensure that the article is written entirely in Persian, except for the required English components; includes both Persian and English abstracts; contains a mandatory English extended abstract of 1,000–1,500 words; uses B Nazanin for Persian text and Times New Roman for English text; follows APA style; contains complete and accurate references; complies with ethical requirements; has been anonymized for double-blind review; and has been carefully proofread for linguistic, scientific, and formatting accuracy.

Submission of a manuscript indicates that the authors have read and accepted the journal’s author guidelines, publication ethics policies, peer-review procedures, copyright and licensing conditions, and other applicable editorial policies.